This page provides access to information on the World Wide Web related to elderberry culture (Sambucus canadensis) primarily in the United States of America. It also includes an extensive bibliography of print resources on the culture of the plant, Sambucus canadensis.

For information about the AgNIC project and for online reference in other agricultural areas, please consult the AgNIC Partner Sites by Subject.

Common Elderberry from Illinois Wildflowers.

Edible Landscaping, by Travis Beck and Martin F. Quigley, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University.

Elderberry, American elder (Sambucus canadensis) - Poisonous Plants of North Carolina

Elderberries - Black (American) Elderberry - Sambucus canadensis, Red (Scarlet) Elderberry - S. pubens, from the West Virginia Native Plant Society WV Nongame Wildlife Program.

Elderberries for Home Gardens, Ontario Ministery of Agriculture and Food.

Elderberries, Sambucus, spp. Minor Fruits, Department of Horticulture, Cornell University.

Elderberries. in Fruit Production for the Home Gardener: A Comprehensive Guide. Penn State Cooperative Extension.

Elderberry longhorn (Long-Horned Beetles, Family Cerambycidae, Desmocerus palliatus).

Forest Gardening in Ohio, by Travis Beck and Martin F. Quigley, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University.

Minor Fruits and Nuts In Georgia, Bulletin 992, Revised September, 1999.

Minor Small Fruit Crops for New Mexico Gardens, George W. Dickerson, Extension Horticulture Specialist, New Mexico State University. [In .pdf format]

Pest Diagnostic Clinic - The Elder Borer (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph.

Planning Your Fruit Garden, by Frank Morrison, Extension Horticulturist, Kansas State University. [In .pdf format]

Sambucus canadensis--Elderberry, Michigan State University Extension Ornamental Plants.

Sambucus as a poisonous plant, North Carolina State University.

Bailey, L. H. Sketch of the Evolution of our Native Fruits. New York, The Macmillan company; London, Macmillan & Co., ltd., 1898.

Bolli, Richard. Revision of the genus Sambucus. Dissertationes botanicae, Bd. 223. Berlin: J. Cramer, 1994.

Brassard, N., C.  Richer and D. Charlebois. Micropropagation of elderberry (Sambucus nigra ssp canadensis).  Poster, International Association for Plant Tissue and Biotechnology meeting, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canadaa (2-5 August). 2004.

Chia, C.L.  (1975).  A Chromosome and Thin-layer Chromatographic Study of the Genus Sambucus L.  PhD dissertation, Cornell University, USA.

Craig, D. L. Elderberry Culture in Eastern Canada. Information Services, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa K1A 0C7, 1978.

Craighead, F. C. "Desmocerus palliates." Insect Enemies of Eastern Forests. MP657. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1950. 244-245.

Drooz, A. T. ed. Insects of Eastern Forests. Misc. Publ. 1426. Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service, 1989.

Martin, Chester O. and Sarah P. Mott. American elder (Sambucus canadensis): Section 7.5.7, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wildlife Resources Management Manual. Vicksburg, Miss. : U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1997-98. 18p. [in .pdf format]

Ritter, C. M. and G. W. McKee. Elderberry: History, Classification, and Culture. Bull. 709. Pennsylvania State University Agriculture Experiment Station, 1964.

Ritter, C. M. Responses of Cultivated Elderberry Varieties to Fertilizer and Mulch Treatments Pennsylvania State University Agriculture Experiment Station, 1958.

Way, Roger D. Elderberry Culture in New York State. New York's Food and Life Sciences Bulletin No. 91. Geneva, NY: New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 1981. [Article in .pdf format]

Atkinson, M.D and E. Atkinson. "Sambucus nigra L."  The Journal of Ecology 90.5 (2002): 895-923.

Buriff, C. R. and G. W. Still. "Seasonal activity of adult elder shoot borer as indicated by blacklight traps." [Achatodes Zeae, Elderberry]. Journal of Economic Entomology 65.4 (1972): 1201-1202.

Bowers, M.D., K. Boockvar and S.K. Collinge. "Iridoid glycosides of Chelone glabra (Scrophulariaceae) and their sequestration by larvae of a sawfly, Tenthredo grandis (Tenthredinidae)." Journal of Chemical Ecology 19 (1993): 815-823.

Byers, P.L. and A.L. Thomas. "Elderberry research and production in Missouri."

25 (2005): 91-97.

Charlebois, D. "Elderberry as a medicinal plant." In: Janick, J. and A. Whipkey (eds.).  Issues in New Crops and New Uses.  ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA, 2007. 284-292.

Childers, N., Justin R. Morris, G. Steven Sibbett. Modern Fruit Science: Orchard and Small Fruit Culture. Gainesville, FL: Horticultural Publications, 1995. 353-354.

Darrow, G.M. "Minor temperate fruits."  In: Janick , J. and J.N. Moore (eds).  Advances in Fruit Breeding.  Purdue University Press, West Lafayette, IN, 1975. 271-273.

Eaton, E.L., Aalders, L.E. Aalders, and Hall, I.VV. Hall. "Hybrids of an interspecific cross of elder." Proceedings of the American Society for Horticultural Science 73 (1959): 145-146.

"Elderberry varieties." Fruit Varieties Journal 20.3 (1966): 46.

Eriksson, T. and M.J. Donoghue. "Phylogenetic relationships of Sambucus and Adoxa (Adoxoideae, Adoxaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences and preliminary morphological data." Systematic Botany 22.3 (1997): 555-573. 

Finn, C. "Elderberry (Sambucus spp.)."  In Janick, J. and R.E. Paull (eds.).  The Encyclopedia of Fruits and Nuts.  Oxford University Press USA, New York, NY, 2007.

Frost, S.W. "A Preliminary Study of North American Insects Associated with Elderberry Flowers." Florida Entomologist 62.4 (1979): 341-355. [Article in .pdf format]

Frost, S.W. "Insects Associated with the Extrafloral Nectaries of Elderberry [Sambucus]." Florida Entomologist 60.3 (1977): 186. [Article in .pdf format]

Grauer, John. "Elderberries on Long Island" Pomona 23.1 (1990): 68.

Hayes, Bernie. "Report on elderberries" Pomona 17.4 (1984): 252.

Hayes, Bernie. "Culture of the elderberry" Pomona 20.1 (1987): 33.

Hayes, Bernie. "Propagating the elderberry" Pomona 20.4 (1987): 29.

Haynes, Bernie. "More on the Cascades Mountains elderberry" Pomona 21.2 (1988): 18.

Hayes, Bernie E. "Eastern canadensis elderberry fails to germinate" Pomona 21.4 (1988): 54.

Hill, R G. "Elderberry Evaluation Studies." Ohio Agricultural Research Development Center Research Summary (1969): 20-22.

Hill, R G. "Performance of Elderberry Cultivars." Ohio Agricultural Research Development Center Research(1970): 39-42.

Kaack, K.  "New varieties of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.)."  Tidsskrift for planteavl. 93 (1989): 59-65.

Kaack, K. "Sampo' and 'Samdal', Elderberry Cultivars for Juice Concentrates." Fruit Varieties Journal 51.1 (1997): 28.

Kaack, K., X. C. Frette, L.P. Christensen, A.K Landbo, and A.S. Meyer.  (2008).  "Selection of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) genotypes best suited for the preparation of juice."  European Food Research Technology. 226 (2008): 843-855.

Koncalova, M.N., J. Hrib, and D. Jicinska.  (1983).  "The embryology of the Sambucus species and hybrids."  In: Erdelska, O. (ed.). Fertilization and Embryogenesis in Ovulated Plants (Proceedings of the VII International Cytoembryological Symposium). Veda, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, pp. 43-47.

Lee, J. and  C.E. Finn. "Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics in American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) and European elderberry (S. nigra) cultivars." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 87.14 (2007): 2665-2675.

McKay, Steven A. Demand Increasing for Aronia and Elderberry in North America New York Fruit Quarterly 9.3 (2001): 2-3.

Milbury, Paul E., Guohua Cao, Ronald L. Prior, and Jeffrey Blumberg. "Bioavailability of Elderberry Anthocyanins." Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 123 (2002): 997-1006.

Ourecky, D.K.  "Chromosome morphology in the genus Sambucus."  American Journal of Botany 57.3 (1970): 239-244.

Pogorzelski, E. "Studies on the Formation of Histamine in Must and Wines from Elderberry Fruit." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 60.2 (1992): 239-244.

Seip, Cynthia Donne. "Elderberries (verse)" Pomona 32.3 (1999): 27.

Skirvin, Robert M. and Alan Otterbacher. "Elderberry Cultivar Performance in Illinois." Fruit Varieties Journal 31.1 (1977): 7-10.

Stang, E. J. "Elderberry, etc." Gene J. Galletta and David G. Himelrick, Eds. Small Fruit Crop Management. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1990. 363-381, 363-370.

Stang, E J. "Minor Fruits (Amelanchier, Elderberry, Edible Honeysuckle)." Northern Nut Growers Association Annual Report (1972): 100-102.

Thomas, A.L., P.L. Byers, C.E. Finn, Y.-C. Chen, G.E. Rottinghaus, A.M. Malone and W.L. Applequist. "Occurrence of rutin and chlorogenic acid in elderberry leaf, flower, and stem in response to genotype, environment, and season." XXVII International Horticultural Congress - IHC 2006: International Symposium on Plants as Food and Medicine: The Utilization and Development of Horticultural Plants for Human Health. Acta Hort. 765 (2008): 197-206.

Uyemoto, J K., R. M. Gilmer, and E. Williams. "SAP-Transmissible Viruses of Elderberry in New York." Plant Disease Reporter 55.10 (1971): 913-916.

Westwood, M. N. Temperate Zone Pomology, 3rd. Portland, OR: Timber Press, 1993. 109-110.

Wu, Xianli, Guohua Cao, and Ronald L. Prior. "Absorption and Metabolism of Anthocyanins in Elderly Women after Consumption of Elderberry or Blueberry." Journal of Nutrition 132.7 (2002): 1865-1871.